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Essays
Description
An essay is a traditional form of assessment in
relatively academic and some professional areas. It takes the form of a piece of writing
specially composed by the student to address a question or topic set by the teacher,
usually within a set word-limit. It is extremely flexible and easy to set: unfortunately
this also leads to a great deal of sloppiness in its use.
Indications
- Any topic which requires the ability to construct and
sustain a written argument.
Contra-Indications
- Any circumstances where the ability to construct and
sustain a written argument is not a major criterion of the assessment.
Special precautions
- Equal
opportunities: essays demand a wide variety of skills, some of which may be
totally irrelevant to what you need to assess. Lack of any of these skills can severely
disadvantage a student who is otherwise competent in the substantive area of study.
- It is easy to be seduced by those same irrelevant qualities: a
well-presented and beautifully-expressed essay often attracts disproportionately higher
marks than its content would warrant.
- Essays undertaken out of class are particularly insecure in
the sense of being vulnerable to plagiarism.
- Setting an essay early in a module, so that it will be
complete by the end, can mean that surface learners focus their reading and efforts solely
on the set topic, to the exclusion of the rest of the module content.
- Students frequently put a lot of effort into their essays:
they are entitled to similar effort put into the feedback. Unfortunately, the method is
heavily back-loaded: essays are easy to set but very time-consuming to mark properly.
- Moreover, essays assess so many things at once, that it is important for validity and reliability that the proportion of marks allocated to each marking criterion should be clarified in advance.
- If essays are submitted for summative assessment at the end of
a module, the considerable opportunities they afford for formative assessment are often
lost. Having completed the module, students may only look at the grade and ignore the
comments, even when you have put a lot of effort into generating them.
- Where the bulk of module assessment rests on a single essay,
it may engender high degrees of anxiety, which may quite severely impair a student's
ability to give of her best.
Notes
- See also Projects
- Consider several short assignments as an alternative to the
"big" essay.
- Determine the marking scheme
before you start marking. Share it with the students — better still,
get them involved in drawing it up!
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